Wisconsin Esthetics State Board Practice Test

What type of acids are included in the BHA category?

1. Acids with a carboxyl group on the first carbon atom

2. Acids that promote exfoliation and are oil-soluble

3. Acids used primarily for hydration

4. Acids derived from fruits

The correct answer is: Acids that promote exfoliation and are oil-soluble

The correct answer highlights that BHAs, or beta hydroxy acids, are specifically recognized for their ability to promote exfoliation and their oil-soluble nature. This characteristic allows BHAs to penetrate and dissolve oil within the pores, making them particularly effective for treating oily and acne-prone skin types. The most well-known BHA is salicylic acid, which is widely used in skin care for its exfoliating properties and ability to help clear clogged pores. The other options do not accurately describe BHAs. While some acids may possess a carboxyl group, not all acids with this function fall under the BHA classification. Acids primarily used for hydration are typically humectants, which do not have exfoliating properties and hence are not categorized as BHAs. Similarly, acids derived from fruits usually refer to alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), such as glycolic acid and lactic acid, rather than BHAs. Understanding these distinctions is critical for identifying the right types of acids for various skin conditions.