Wisconsin Esthetics State Board Practice Test

Which substance helps skin maintain its natural hydration?

1. Active ingredients

2. Thickeners

3. Emollients

4. Comedogenic agents

The correct answer is: Emollients

Emollients are substances that play a crucial role in maintaining the skin's natural hydration. They work by forming a protective barrier on the skin's surface, which helps to lock in moisture and prevent water loss. This function is essential for keeping skin plump, soft, and hydrated, especially in conditions where the skin might otherwise become dry or irritated. Emollients not only help to hydrate the skin but also improve its texture and smoothness, making them a common ingredient in moisturizers and other skincare products. Their ability to reduce transepidermal water loss is important for overall skin health and contributes to a more youthful appearance. In contrast, active ingredients typically perform a specific function such as treating acne or brightening skin, while thickeners increase the viscosity and texture of products without directly aiding hydration. Comedogenic agents can block pores, which often leads to skin problems rather than enhancing hydration. Therefore, emollients are the substances specifically designed to support and maintain the skin's hydration levels.